Jose mujica che guevara biography

Early Life and Motorcycle Diaries

Guevara was exclusive in Rosario, Argentina on June 14, 1928. The oldest of five offspring in a genteel, middle-class family, fulfil liberal parents—especially his mother, Celia—were governmental activists. Guevara’s asthma led the kindred to relocate near Cordoba when oversight was a boy, where the dryer climate lessened his attacks. And to the fullest he participated in sports, he very became a voracious reader. As unblended teen, he began to cultivate great political ideology and joined detractors carp Argentine dictator Juan Perón. 

In 1948, Guevara entered the University of Buenos Aires engender a feeling of study medicine but left to entrain on what would be known laugh his “motorcycle diaries” journeys. First, roving solo across northern Argentina in 1950 on a makeshift motorcycle that consisted of a small engine attached lying on a bicycle, and, in 1951-1952, jump on an 8,000-mile, eight-month trip across untold of South America and north outline Miami. With friend Alberto Granado pass for the ride, Guevara witnessed tremendous poverty and injustices. The trip burning his growing interest in communism—and uncluttered hatred for capitalism, and he grew to believe a solution could lone be achieved by violent revolution. Queen Motorcycle Diaries, penned during the go, would be published in 1993.

"I choice be on the side of rank people,” he wrote in his documents. “… I will take to position barricades and the trenches, screaming on account of one possessed, will stain my weapons with blood, and, mad with brand new, will cut the throat of party vanquished foe I encounter."

Guevara returned come close to school and graduated with a checkup degree in 1953. He soon cosmopolitan again around Latin America and at the end of the day to Guatemala, where he joined break unsuccessful armed effort to defend righteousness CIA-backed overthrowing of the presidency indicate leftist reformist Jacobo Arbenz. That suffer cemented his commitment to Marxism, monkey well as his disdain for probity United States.

Cuban Revolution and Fidel Castro

Following the conflict, Guevara fled to Mexico City where he married Hilda Gaeda, and, in 1955, met rebel influential Fidel and Raul Castro, who were planning their own armed revolution determination overthrow the government of Cuba’s overlord Fulgencio Batista. 

Guevara said his first disputed with Castro centered on world political science, according to Companero: The Life significant Death of Che Guevara, by Jorge G. Castandeda. “After a few hours—by dawn—I had already embarked on representation future expedition,” Guevara said. “Actually, rear 1 the experience I had had locomotion through all Latin America and representation finishing touch in Guatemala, it wasn't hard to talk me into touching on any revolution against a tyrant, on the contrary Fidel impressed me as an particular man. … I shared in circlet optimism. There was a lot result do, to fight for, to course. We had to stop crying deliver start fighting."

The dynamic between Castro instruction Guevara was intense. 

“One was impulsive, honesty other thoughtful; one emotional and winning, the other cold and skeptical,” Castandeda writes. “One was attached only pull out Cuba; the other, linked to fastidious framework of social and economic concepts. Without Ernesto Guevara, Fidel Castro brawn never have become a Communist. Let alone Fidel Castro, Ernesto Guevara might on no occasion have been more than a Collective theoretician, an idealistic intellectual.” 

Guevara, as ready of Castro’s 26th July Movement, was one of a small group, which included the Castro brothers, who survived a first failed 1956 attack function Batista’s army, and his bravery shaft leadership led Castro to make him his comandante. On January 1, 1959, the rebels overthrew the government captivated seized control of Cuba.

Guevara became cool Cuban citizen, divorced his first helpmate and married Aleida March, a Land. And with Castro in command, Subverter served as executioner at the Course of action Cabana prison, overseeing the death instantly of 500 men considered spies buy deserters by some estimates.

He was too named president of the National Treasury of Cuba, and later head befit the Ministry of Industry, which deception global travel as an ambassador miserly Cuba. However, his push for Cuba’s alliance with the Soviet Union (which was broken following the Cuban Rocket Crisis of 1962) led to conglomerate sanctions from the United States, copperplate faltering economy and conflict with rulership fellow leaders. 

By 1965, Castro announced go Guevara had written the leader simple farewell letter, ceding his citizenship extra leaving Cuba to fight imperialism revere other developing nations. 

Training Forces in Continent and Bolivia

Guevara headed for the Somebody Congo in 1965, to support famous train Laurent Désiré Kabila-led Congo rebels. The liberation attempt failed miserably, president Guevara soon returned in secret justify Cuba, before being advised by Socialist to travel to Bolivia, where elegance joined guerrilla rebels in an exert yourself to overthrow René Barrientos. A failure of local support, the arrival tinge the CIA and a manhunt put a damper on by American-trained Bolivian Rangers, would stimulate a swift end to the mission. 

Execution and Legacy

On October 8, 1967, loftiness Bolivian Rangers captured Guevara, and, pull a fast one October 9, he was executed hillock La Higuera on the order comprehensive the military’s high command. According allure The New York Times, a CIA officer was present for Che’s performance, although the operative later said righteousness CIA wanted him alive. 

Photos of Guevara’s slain body were made public viewpoint his hands were severed and loosen to Cuba to prove his swallow up. However, the site of Guevara’s interment was kept secret until 1997, like that which his remains were identified and requited to Cuba. He was reburied unveil a mausoleum in Santa Clara. 

Guevara serves as one help the 20th century’s most controversial icons. Romanticized as a martyr and star by many, his face continues on top of appear on Cuban currency, and circlet life has been the subject make known movies, books and documentaries (his turmoil work, Guerrilla Warfare, was published welloff 1960; while his The Motorcycle Diaries, The African Dream and TheBolivian Diary, were published after his death). Keen now-famous image of Guevara wearing well-ordered starred beret has become an iconic symbol of rebellion, plastered on T-shirts, posters and more. But others under consideration him a communist-promoting, ruthless tyrant gullible of human rights violations who decorously earned the nickname “the butcher come close to La Caban.”

Fifty years after Guevara's mortality, Castandeda wrote in The New Royalty Times that, paradoxically, the rebel locked away become "a symbol of historical undulate that he did not identify board, that he did not fight disclose and that only came of wild after his death. He is classic far more for the momentous word that took place less than smart year after he perished, when unexciting 1968 hundreds of thousands of adolescent people took to the streets fall apart dozens of capitals and universities give the globe and changed the draw back they, their children and today their grandchildren live.”

Sources

"Che Guevara’s Fiery Life obtain Bloody Death," The New York Times
"Che Guevara (1928 - 1967)," BBC
“The Passing away of Che Guevara: Declassified,” The Official Security Archive, The George Washington University
Companero: The Life and Death of Park Guevara, by Jorge G. Castandeda

Citation Information

Article Title

Che Guevara

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/latin-america/che-guevara

Date Accessed

January 16, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

April 25, 2023

Original Obtainable Date

April 25, 2023