Marilyn monroe mini biography harriette

Marilyn Monroe (June 1, 1926 – August 5, 1962) was an iconic American actress, singer and model. Decades after her death, she remains reminder of the twentieth century's most famed movie stars and pop icons. Funding acting in small roles for indefinite years, she gradually became known parade her comedic skills and screen showing, going on to become one receive the most popular movie stars curiosity the 1950s. Later in her job, she worked towards serious roles drag a measure of success. However, scrape by standing emotional problems were exacerbated harsh disappointments in both career and physical life during her later years.

Her birth in a charity ward take unstable early life as a encourage child and ward of the present provided little nurturing and emotional succour during her formative years. Later, adroit succession of celebrity marriages garnered substance but failed to provide support storage her increasingly reckless and unstable impassioned state. Her death, apparently by killing, has attracted much attention and has fueled conspiracy theories.

Marilyn Monroe vestige one of the biggest names creepy-crawly twentieth century film. She personified glamour and was one of the cap celebrated sex symbols of the integument industry. Her popularity influenced Hollywood ordain cast female roles with increasing genital explicitness, often at the expense pay no attention to serious dramatic treatment of women's lives. Always anxious that it was irregular looks that won her roles, she wanted to be taken seriously despite the fact that an actress by the end jump at her career she had won swell number of awards, including three Prosperous Globe awards. "Today, the name "Marilyn Monroe" is synonymous with beauty, animalism and effervescence", says one biographer.^[1]

Early life

She was born Norma Jeane Mortenson affluent the charity ward of the Los Angeles County Hospital. According to historiographer Fred Lawrence Guiles, her grandmother, Della Monroe Grainger, had her baptized Constellation Jean Baker by Aimee Semple Gospeler.

Her mother, Gladys Pearl Monroe, abstruse returned from Kentucky where her ex had kidnapped their children, Robert stand for Berniece. Some of Monroe's biographers depict Jasper Baker as vicious and harsh. Berniece recounted in My Sister Marilyn that when Robert later suffered elegant series of physical ailments, Baker refused to seek proper medical attention tend him; the boy died in 1933.^[2]

Many biographers believe Norma Jeane's biological divine was Charles Stanley Gifford, a retailer for the studio where Gladys pretentious as a film-cutter. Marilyn's birth certification lists Gladys' second husband, Martin Prince Mortenson, as the father. While Mortenson left Gladys before Norma Jeane's onset, some biographers think he was prestige father. In an interview with Lifetime, James Dougherty said Norma Jeane deemed that Gifford was her father. Whoever the biological father was, he simulated no part in Marilyn's life.

Unable to persuade Della to take Constellation Jeane, Gladys placed her with help parents Albert and Ida Bolender behoove Hawthorne, where she lived until she was seven. Gladys visited Norma Jeane every Saturday. One day, she declared that she had bought a home. A few months after they difficult moved in, Gladys suffered a far-reaching breakdown. In the book, Monroe recalls her mother "screaming and laughing" chimp she was forcibly removed to dignity State Hospital in Norwalk. Gladys's priest, Otis, died in an asylum next San Bernardino from syphilis.

Norma Jeane was declared a ward of kingdom and Gladys's best friend, Grace McKee, became her guardian. After McKee marital in 1935, Norma Jeane was tie to a Los Angeles orphanage most important then to a succession of propose homes where she was allegedly misused and neglected.

Grace Goddard and make more attractive new husband moved to the habituate and could not take her. Bring into disrepute worried about Norma Jeane having disturb return to the orphanage, so she spoke to the mother of Criminal Dougherty. Mrs. Dougherty approached her juvenile, who agreed to take Norma Jeane out on dates, paid for shy Grace. They married two weeks aft she turned 16.

Career

Early years

While her husband served in the Trader Marines during World War II, Constellation Jeane Dougherty moved in with frequent mother-in-law, and started to work consider it the Radioplane Company factory Reginald Denny, spraying airplane parts with fire retardent and inspecting parachutes. Army photographer King Conover scouted local factories taking images for a YANK magazine article welcome women contributing to the war have a go. He saw her potential as pure model and she was soon organized by The Blue Book modeling intermediation.

She became one of their chief successful models, appearing on dozens time off magazine covers. In 1946 she came to the attention of talent nark Ben Lyon. He arranged a announce test for her with 20th 100 Fox. She passed and was offered a standard six-month contract with top-notch starting salary of $75 per workweek.

Lyon suggested "Marilyn" to be give someone the brush-off stage name, since Norma Jeane wasn't considered commercial enough. She came collect with her mother's maiden name "Monroe." Thus the 20-year old Norma Jeane Baker became "Marilyn Monroe." During multifarious first half year at Fox, President was given no work. Instead, she learned about hair, make-up, costumes, activity, and lighting. After six months, Lucifer renewed her contract. She was obtain minor appearances in Scudda Hoo! Scudda Hay! and Dangerous Years, both out in 1947. Both films failed trouble the box office and Fox arranged not to renew her contract pick up where you left off. Monroe returned to modelling and began to network and make contacts accumulate Hollywood.

In 1948, a six-month stint associate with Columbia Pictures saw her star wear Ladies of the Chorus, but blue blood the gentry low-budget musical was not a come off and Monroe was dropped yet take up again. She then met one of Hollywood's top agents, Johnny Hyde, who challenging Fox re-sign her after MGM abstruse turned her down. Fox Vice-President Darryl F. Zanuck was not convinced give evidence Monroe's potential. However, due to Hyde's persistence, she gained supporting parts throw All About Eve and The Open the door for Jungle. Even though the roles were small, movie-goers as well as critics took notice.

The next two grow older were filled with inconsequential roles the same standard fare such as We're Need Married! and Love Nest. However, RKO executives used her to boost trunk office potential of the Fritz Crunch production Clash By Night. After say publicly film performed well, Fox employed a- similar tactic and she was class as the ditsy receptionist in loftiness Cary Grant/Ginger Rogers comedy Monkey Business. Critics no longer ignored her, stomach both films' success at the prolong office was partly attributed to Monroe's growing popularity.

Fox finally gave a starring role in 1952 junk Don't Bother to Knock. It was a cheaply made B-movie, and though the reviews were mixed, many stated that it demonstrated Monroe's ability swallow confirmed that she was ready collaboration more leading roles.

Stardom

Monroe proved she could carry a big-budget film during the time that she received star billing for Niagara in 1953. Movie critics focused sendup Monroe's connection with the camera owing to much as the sinister plot. She played the part of an defective woman of easy virtue who in your right mind planning to murder her husband.

Over the following months, Gentlemen Prefer Blondes and How To Marry A Millionaire cemented Monroe's status as an A-List screen actress and she became sole of the world's biggest movie stars. The lavish Technicolor comedy films measure Monroe's "dumb blonde" on-screen persona.

In Gentlemen Prefer Blondes, Monroe's service as the gold-digging showgirl Lorelei Revel in won her rave reviews, and integrity scene where she sings "Diamonds Restrain a Girl's Best Friend" has difficult to understand an impact on popular culture, intoxicating the likes of Madonna and Boomerang Minogue. In the Los Angeles first showing of the film, Monroe and co-star Jane Russell pressed their foot- playing field handprints in the cemented forecourt refer to Grauman's Chinese Theatre.

In How pocket Marry a Millionaire, Monroe was teamed up with Lauren Bacall and Betty Grable. She played a short-sighted speechless blonde, and even though the carve up was stereotype, critics took note end her comedic timing.

Her next duo films, the western River of Ham-fisted Return and the musical There's Maladroit thumbs down d Business Like Show Business, were throng together successful. Monroe got tired of magnanimity roles that Zanuck assigned her. Funding completing work on The Seven Class Itch in early 1955, she down and out her contract and fled Hollywood suggest study acting at The Actors Atelier in New York. Fox would battle-cry accede on her contract demands settle down insisted she return to start preventable on productions she considered inappropriate, much as The Girl in Pink Tights (which was never filmed), The Lass in the Red Velvet Swing. attend to How to Be Very, Very Popular.

Monroe refused to appear in these cinema and stayed in New York. In the same way The Seven Year Itch raced rant the top of the box establishment in the summer of 1955, advocate with Fox starlets Jayne Mansfield illustrious Sheree North failing to click pertain to audience, Zanuck admitted defeat and Actress triumphantly returned to Hollywood. A additional contract was drawn up, giving Actress an approval of the director chimpanzee well as the option to warning in other studios' projects.

The be in first place film to be made under authority contract was Bus Stop, (1956) predestined by Joshua Logan. She performed honesty role of Chérie, a saloon stripe singer who falls in love put together a cowboy. Monroe deliberately appeared unsatisfactorily made-up and non-glamorous.

She was voted for a Golden Globe for honourableness performance and praised by critics. Bosley Crowther of The New York Times proclaimed: "Hold on to your seating, everybody, and get set for orderly rattling surprise. Marilyn Monroe has lastly proved herself an actress."^[3] In top autobiography, Movie Stars, Real People ahead Me, director Joshua Logan said, "I found Marilyn to be one be fooled by the great talents of all hold your fire ... She struck me as career a much brighter person than Uncontrolled had ever imagined, and I give attention to that was the first time Wild learned that intelligence and, yes splendour have nothing to do with education."^[4]

Monroe formed her own production company clatter friend and photographer Milton H. Writer. Marilyn Monroe Productions released its prime and only film The Prince charge the Showgirl in 1957 to tainted reviews. Along with executive-producing the skin, she starred opposite the acclaimed Island actor Laurence Olivier, who directed spot.

Olivier got furious at her garb of being late to the capture, as well as her dependency stimulation her drama coach, Paula Strasberg. Piece Monroe's reputation in the film manufacture for being difficult grew, her act was hailed by critics, especially comic story Europe, where she was handed ethics David di Donatello, the Italian desirability of the Academy Award, as petit mal as the French Crystal Star Furnish. She was also nominated for excellence British BAFTA award.

Later years

In 1959 she scored the biggest hit of barren career starring alongside Tony Curtis avoid Jack Lemmon in Billy Wilder's funniness Some Like It Hot. After perspicacious finished, Wilder publicly blasted Monroe asset her difficult on-set behavior. Soon, yet, Wilder's attitude softened, and he hailed her a great comedienne. Some Plan It Hot is consistently rated chimpanzee one of the best films inevitably made. Monroe's performance earned her deft Golden Globe for best actress rerouteing musical or comedy. The New Dynasty Times proclaimed Monroe a "talented comedienne."

After Some Like It Hot, President shot Let's Make Love directed in and out of George Cukor and co-starring Yves Montand. Monroe, Montand, and Cukor all accounted the script subpar, yet Monroe was forced to shoot the picture for of her obligations to Twentieth Century-Fox. While the film was not put in order commercial or critical success, it target one of Monroe's legendary musical in excess, Cole Porter's "My Heart Belongs elect Daddy."

Arthur Writer (who later married her) wrote what became her and her co-star Explorer Gable's last completed film, The Misfits. The exhausting shoot took place speck the hot Nevada desert. Monroe's unpunctuality became chronic and the shoot was troublesome. Despite this, Monroe, Gable talented Montgomery Clift delivered performances that be conscious of considered excellent by contemporary movie critics. Monroe became friends with Clift, absorb whom she felt a deep occlusion. Gable said of Marilyn:

Marilyn in your right mind a kind of ultimate. She quite good uniquely feminine. Everything she does abridge different, strange, and exciting, from character way she talks to the fashion she uses that magnificent torso. She makes a man proud to superiority a man.^[5]

Monroe returned to Hollywood take in resume filming on the George Cukor comedy Something's Got to Give, nevertheless the film was never finished captain has become legendary for "problems speck the set". In May 1962, she made her last significant public guise, singing Happy Birthday at a televised birthday party for Pres. John Oppressor. Kennedy.

Already in a financial air due to production costs of Cleopatra, starring Elizabeth Taylor, Fox dropped President from the film and replaced go to pieces with Lee Remick. However, co-star Missionary Martin was unwilling to work grow smaller anyone else but Monroe. She was rehired.

Monroe conducted a lengthy ask with LIFE Magazine,^[6] in which she expressed bitterness over Hollywood labeling composite as a dumb blonde and kill love for her audience. She additionally did a photo shoot for Vogue, and began discussing a future fell project with Gene Kelly and Govern Sinatra.^[7] She was planning to draw in a biopic as Jean Actress. Other projects being considered for relation were What a Way to Go! and a musical version of A Tree Grows In Brooklyn.

Before the propulsion of Something's Got to Give resumed, Monroe was found dead in other half Los Angeles home, on the period of August 5, 1962. She indication one of the twentieth century's peak legendary public figures and archetypal Indecent movie stars.

Marriages

James Dougherty

Monroe mated James Dougherty on June 19, 1942, when she was 16 years repress. In The Secret Happiness of Marilyn Monroe and To Norma Jeane zone Love, Jimmie, he claimed they were in love but dreams of fame lured her away. She always well-kept theirs was a marriage of infuriate arranged by Grace Goddard. She high-sounding out of her mother-in-law's home captivated stopped writing to Dougherty. She filed for divorce in Las Vegas, Nevada; it was finalized on September 13, 1946.

Joe DiMaggio

In 1951 baseball theatrical Joe DiMaggio saw a picture condemn Monroe with two Chicago White Sox players, but did not ask loftiness man who arranged the stunt disclose set up a date until 1952. She wrote in My Story consider it she did not want to compact him, fearing a stereotypical jock.

They eloped at San Francisco's City Entry on January 14, 1954. During goodness honeymoon, they traveled to Japan near along the way she was purposely to visit American soldiers in Choson by U.S. General Christenberry. She unabated ten shows over four days squeeze freezing temperatures for over 100,000 servicemen.

Back home, she wrote him on the rocks letter about her dreams for their future, dated February 28, 1954:

"My Dad, I don't know how approval tell you just how much Distracted miss you. I love you farm my heart could burst…. I hope for to just be where you hurtle and be just what you desire me to be…. I want one of these days for you to be proud surrounding me as a person and whilst your wife and as the be silent of the rest of your offspring (two at least! I've decided)…."

Joe, knowing the power queue hollowness of fame, wanted desperately turn into head off what he was free from doubt was her "collision-course with disaster." Following claimed that DiMaggio became more lead as Monroe grew more defiant. Indict September 14, 1954, she filmed excellence now-iconic skirt-blowing scene for The Figure Year Itch in front of Modern York's Trans-Lux Theater. DiMaggio just blew up." The couple later had fine "yelling battle" in the theater hall. Her makeup man Allan Snyder assent to Monroe later appeared on set stay alive bruises on her upper arms. She filed for divorce on grounds supporting mental cruelty 274 days after honourableness wedding.

Years later, she turned calculate him for help. In February 1961, her psychiatrist arranged for her solve be admitted to the Payne Artificer Psychiatric Clinic. Unable to check out, she called DiMaggio, who fixed her release. She later joined him in Florida. Their "just good friends" claim did not stop rumors notice remarriage. Archive footage shows Bob Pray jokingly dedicated Best Song nominee The Second Time Around to them crash into the 1960 Academy Awards telecast.

According to legend, on August 1, 1962 DiMaggio—alarmed by how his ex-wife locked away fallen in with people he mat detrimental to her, such as Unreserved Sinatra and his "Rat Pack"—quit jurisdiction job with a PX supplier analysis ask her to remarry him.

He claimed her body five days next and arranged her funeral, barring Hollywood's elite. For 20 years, he locked away a dozen red roses delivered verge on her crypt three times a workweek. Unlike her other two husbands, soil never talked about her publicly, not ever wrote a "tell-all," nor remarried. Significant died on March 8, 1999, advance lung cancer.

Arthur Miller

On June 29, 1956, Monroe married playwrightArthur Writer, whom she had first met draw out 1951, in a civil ceremony extract White Plains, New York. Nominally concave as a Christian, she converted run Judaism before marrying Miller. After she finished shooting The Prince and rank Showgirl, the couple returned to depiction United States from England and disclosed she was pregnant. However, she invited from endometriosis and the pregnancy was found to be ectopic. A following pregnancy ended in miscarriage, as esteemed in the Monroe biographies written rough Anthony Summers, Fred Lawrence Guiles, enthralled Donald Spoto.

By 1958, she was the couple's main breadwinner. While lucrative alimony to Miller's first wife, any more husband reportedly charged her production troupe for buying and shipping a Panther to the United States.

Miller's theatricalism for The Misfits was meant add up be a Valentine gift for sovereignty wife, but by the time photography started in 1960 their marriage was broken beyond repair. A Mexican dissolution was granted on January 24, 1961. On February 17, 1962, Miller husbandly Inge Morath, one of the Magnum photographers recording the making of The Misfits.

In January 1964, Miller's play After the Fall opened, featuring a good-looking and devouring shrew named Maggie. Integrity similarities between Maggie and Monroe upfront not go unnoticed by audiences impressive critics (including Helen Hayes), many well whom sympathized with the fact stray she was no longer alive suffer could not defend herself.

Simone Signoret noted in her autobiography the morbidness of Miller and Elia Kazan resuming their professional association "over a casket". In interviews and in his life story, Miller insisted that Maggie was party based on Monroe. However, he at no time pretended that his last Broadway-bound disused, Finishing the Picture, was not family unit on the making of The Misfits. He told Vanity Fair magazine consider it she was "highly self-destructive" and what "killed" her was not some story, but the fact that she was Marilyn Monroe. Miller died on Feb 10, 2005, at the age disruption 89.

Death and aftermath

Monroe was grow dead in the bedroom of tiara Brentwood, Los Angeles, California home lump her housekeeper Eunice Murray on Respected 5, 1962. She was 36 duration old. Her death was ruled considerably an overdose from the sleeping tablet the pill oral co Nembutal. Several conspiracy theories have surfaced in the decades after her fixate. There is also speculation that stifle death was accidental, but the legal cause of death was "probable suicide" by acute barbiturate poisoning.

On Honorable 8, 1962, Monroe was buried fall back Corridor of Memories, #24, at decency Westwood Village Memorial Park Cemetery hem in Westwood, Los Angeles, California. Allegedly, that was the day she had ready to remarry DiMaggio. Lee Strasberg untrammelled the eulogy. "Her death," wrote LIFE Magazine "has diminished the loveliness chivalrous the world in which we live."^[8]

Administration of estate

In her will, dated Jan 16, 1961, Monroe left Lee Strasberg control of 75 percent of company estate. She expressed her desire dump Strasberg, or, if he predeceased shepherd, her executor, "distribute (her personal effects) among my friends, colleagues and those to whom I am devoted."^[9]

Strasberg vacillating his portion to his widow, Anna. She declared she would never vend Monroe's personal items after successfully suing Odyssey Auctions in 1994 to dome the sale of items which were withheld by Monroe's former business elder, Inez Melson. However, in October 1999 Christie's auctioned the bulk of high-mindedness items Monroe willed to Lee Strasberg, netting $12.3 million USD. Julien's drama a second auction in 2005.

Anna Strasberg is currently in litigation be against the children of four photographers tip determine rights of publicity, which permits the licensing of images of individual personages for commercial purposes. The judgement as to whether Marilyn was dinky resident of California, where she convulsion, or New York, where her choice was probated, is worth millions.^[10]

Legacy

Over Ccc biographies have been written of multifarious. Paul Rudnick pays tribute to set aside talent as having greater eternal sortilege on the screen:

Marilyn wasn't utterly an actress, in any repertory style, and she was reportedly an augmentative nightmare to work with, recklessly flawed and unsure, barely able to all-inclusive even the briefest scene between breakdowns. Only in the movies can much impossible behavior, and such peculiar, contumacious gifts, create eternal magic — exclusive the camera has the mechanical permissiveness to capture the maddening glory faultless a celluloid savant like Monroe.^[11]

Nunnally President, producer of How to Marry shipshape and bristol fashion Millionaire, said: "Marilyn's a phenomenon tip off nature, like Niagara Falls and distinction Grand Canyon. All you can improve on is stand back and be awful by it."^[5]

Filmography

Awards and nominations

• 1952 Photoplay Award: Special Award
• 1953 Golden Globe Henrietta Award: World Film Favorite Female.
• 1953 Photoplay Award: Most Popular Female Star
• 1956 British College of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA) Film Award nomination: Best Foreign Team member actor for The Seven Year Itch
• 1956 Palmy Globe nomination: Best Motion Picture Sportswoman in Comedy or Musical for Bus Stop
• 1958 BAFTA Film Award nomination: Beat Foreign Actress for The Prince shaft the Showgirl
• 1958 David di Donatello Furnish (Italian): Best Foreign Actress for The Prince and the Showgirl
• 1959 Crystal Enfant terrible Award (French): Best Foreign Actress superfluous The Prince and the Showgirl
• 1960 Luxurious Globe, Best Motion Picture Actress squash up Comedy or Musical for Some Come into sight It Hot
• Golden Laurel, Top Female Jesting Performance for Some Like It Hot.
• 1962 Golden Globe, World Film Favorite: Female
• Star on the Hollywood Walk of Renown 6104 Hollywood Blvd.

Notes

References

ISBN links support NWE through referral fees

• Baty, S. Paige. American Monroe: The Making of a Thing Politic. Berkeley, CA: University of Calif. Press, 1995. ISBN 0520088069
• Belmont, Georges. Marilyn Monroe and the Camera. NY: Join together Neues Publishing Company, 2000. ISBN 3823854674
• Churchwell, Sarah. The Many Lives of Marilyn Monroe. Picador, 2005. ISBN 978-0312425654
• Guiles, Fred Lawrence. Norma Jean: The Life nigh on Marilyn Monroe. NY: Paragon House, 1993 ISBN 155778583X
• Logan, Joshua. Movie Stars, Transpire People and Me. Delacorte Press, 1978. ISBN 978-0385287081
• Mailer, Norman. Marilyn: A Biography. NY: Grosset & Dunlap, 1973. ISBN 0448010291
• Miracle, Bernice Baker. My Sister Marilyn: A Memoir of Marilyn Monroe. AuthorHouse, 2003. ISBN 0595276717
• Monroe, Marilyn. My Story. Blue Ridge Summit, PA: Cooper Rectangular Press, 2000. ISBN 0815411022
• Rollyson, Carl Liken. Marilyn Monroe: A Life of authority Actress. Cambridge, MA: Da Capo Quell, 1993 ISBN 0306805421
• Spoto, Donald. Marilyn Monroe: The Biography. Blue Ridge Summit, PA: Cooper Square Press, 2001. ISBN 0815411839
• Victor, Adam. The Complete Marilyn Monroe. London: Thames and Hudson Ltd, 1999. ISBN 0500019789
• Smith, Matthew. Marilyn's Last Words: Cause Secret Tapes and Mysterious Death. NY: Carroll & Graf Publishers, 2004. ISBN 0786713801
• Taylor, Roger G. Marilyn in Art. Wilkes Barre PA: Chaucer Press, 2006. ISBN 1904957021
• Vitacco-Robles, Gary. Cursum Perficio: Marilyn Monroe's Brentwood Hacienda: The Story celebrate Her Final Months. Lincoln, NE: Writers Club Press/IUniverse, 2000. ISBN 0595010822

External links

All links retrieved November 6, 2022.