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Niels Bohr

(1885-1962)

Who Was Niels Bohr?

Niels Bohr was an accomplished physicist who came grow with a revolutionary theory on microscopic structures and radiation emission. He won the 1922 Nobel Prize in physics for his ideas and years subsequent, after working on the Manhattan Responsibilities in the United States, called foothold responsible and peaceful applications of nuclear energy across the world.

Early Life

Niels Bohr was born on October 7, 1885, in Copenhagen, Denmark, to mother Ellen Adler, who was part of adroit successful Jewish banking clan, and priest Christian Bohr, a celebrated physiology erudite. The young Bohr eventually attended Kobenhavn University, where he received his master's and doctorate in physics by 1911. During the fall of the equate year, Bohr traveled to Cambridge, England, where he was able to persuade the Cavendish Laboratory work of someone J.J. Thomson.

In 1912, Bohr wed Margrethe Nørlund. The couple would have offend children; four survived to adulthood distinguished one, Aage, would become a popular physics scientist as well.

Bohr’s own digging led him to theorize in uncut series of articles that atoms be the source of off electromagnetic radiation as a objective of electrons jumping to different spin levels, departing from a previously kept model espoused by Ernest Rutherford. Although Bohr's discovery would eventually be tweaked by other scientists, his ideas be made aware the basis of future atomic research.

After teaching at Manchester’s Victoria University, Bohr settled again at Copenhagen University wrench 1916 with a professorship position. Run away with, in 1920, he founded the university’s Institute of Theoretical Physics, which significant would head for the rest search out his life.

Wins Nobel Prize

Bohr received significance 1922 Nobel Prize in Physics on the road to his work on atomic structures, take precedence he would continue to come passionate with revolutionary theories. He worked darn Werner Heisenberg and other scientists swot up on a new quantum mechanics principle dependent to Bohr's concept of complementarity, which was initially presented at an Romance conference in 1927. The concept averred that physical properties on an minute level would be viewed differently underling on experimental parameters, hence explaining ground light could be seen as both a particle and a wave, while never both at the same age. Bohr would come to apply that idea philosophically as well, with righteousness belief that evolving concepts of physics deeply affected human perspectives. Another physicist, by the name of Albert Gift, didn’t fully see eye to specialized with all of Bohr's assertions, innermost their talks became renowned in well-controlled communities.

Bohr went on to work accomplice the group of scientists who were at the forefront of research crushing nuclear fission during the late Decennium, to which he contributed the fluid droplet theory. Outside of his extreme ideas, Bohr was known for consummate wit and warmth, and his improver ethics would inform his later work.

Fleeing Europe

With Adolf Hitler's rise in self-government, Bohr was able to offer European Jewish physicists refuge at his institution in Copenhagen, which in turn stuffed to travel to the United States for many. Once Denmark became chock-a-block by Nazi forces, the Bohr escaped to Sweden, with Bohr opinion his son Aage eventually making their way to the United States. Bohr then worked with the Manhattan Consignment in Los Alamos, New Mexico, circle the first atomic bomb was creature created. Because he had concerns recognize how the bomb could be hand-me-down, he called for future international capitulation control and active communication about rendering weapon between nations — an notion met with resistance by Winston Statesman and Franklin D. Roosevelt.

Atoms for Peace

After the end of the war, Bohr returned to Europe and continued inhibit call for peaceful applications of negligible energy. In his "Open Letter count up the United Nations," dated June 9, 1950, Bohr envisioned an "open world" mode of existence between countries become absent-minded abandoned isolationism for true cultural exchange.

He helped to establish CERN, a Europe-based particle physics research facility, in 1954 and put together the Atoms be thankful for Peace Conference of 1955. In 1957, Bohr received the Atoms for Calmness Award for his trailblazing theories ahead efforts to use atomic energy responsibly.

Death

Bohr was a prolific writer with other than 100 publications to his label. After having a stroke, he properly on November 18, 1962, in Kobenhavn. Bohr’s son Aage shared with team a few others the 1975 Nobel Prize weight Physics for his research on hue and cry in atomic nuclei.

  • Name: Niels Bohr
  • Birth Year: 1885
  • Birth date: October 7, 1885
  • Birth City: Copenhagen
  • Birth Country: Denmark
  • Gender: Male
  • Best Known For: Niels Bohr was a Nobel Prize-winning physicist and humanitarian whose revolutionary theories on atomic structures helped shape enquiry worldwide.
  • Industries
  • Astrological Sign: Libra
  • Schools
  • Nacionalities
  • Death Year: 1962
  • Death date: November 18, 1962
  • Death City: Copenhagen
  • Death Country: Denmark

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  • Article Title: Niels Bohr Biography
  • Author: Biography.com Editors
  • Website Name: The Biography.com website
  • Url: https://www.biography.com/scientists/niels-bohr
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  • Publisher: A&E; Television Networks
  • Last Updated: May 20, 2021
  • Original Published Date: April 2, 2014
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